Secure Attachment vs Anxious Attachment...

Secure Attachment vs Anxious Attachment

Here’s what I know to be true after 16 years of sitting with couples: how you attach is not a character flaw. It’s biology doing its job.

We come into this world wired to connect. That’s not a choice. That’s survival. The question is just how that wiring got shaped by your early experiences of being loved, or not loved, or loved inconsistently.

Secure attachment means you got enough of the message that you are a priority and you are enough. Not perfect parenting, not a charmed life. Just enough reliable connection that you developed a baseline belief that love is safe and available. When conflict comes up in your relationship, you can tolerate the discomfort without falling apart or shutting down. You can stay in the room.

Think of it like having a sturdy internal compass. You might feel the wobble when your partner is upset, but you don’t lose your true north. You can be curious about their experience without making it all about whether you’re about to be rejected.

Anxious attachment is what I call being a relentless lover. This is someone whose early experience taught them that love is real, but it might disappear. So they pursue it. They monitor it. They turn up the volume to make sure it doesn’t go away.

The protest gets louder because the fear underneath is so old and so real. And here’s what I want you to hear about that: every protest is a plea for connection. The anxious person isn’t being dramatic. They’re being biological.

I see this play out constantly in my office. The secure partner says something like “I need some space to think.” The anxiously attached partner hears “I’m leaving.” Their nervous system floods. They start pursuing harder, asking more questions, needing more reassurance. The secure partner feels overwhelmed and pulls back further. Round and round they go.

The wound underneath anxious attachment is what I call the abandonment wound. The pain of not being a priority. That’s the heart of it.

Here’s what gets me fired up: I’ve watched too many people shame themselves for their attachment style. “I’m too needy.” “I’m clingy.” “I should just get over it.” Stop that. Right now.

The way you hurt in love is actually the best part of who you are. It tells me how much you care. Your attachment style isn’t something to fix. It’s something to understand, to work with, to honor even as you learn new ways of connecting.

Because here’s the thing: we’re all just walking around trying to get our attachment needs met. Some of us learned to trust that love sticks around. Others learned to work really hard to keep it close. Both make complete sense.

Where Does Your Relationship Stand?

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About Figs O’Sullivan, LMFT
Figs is a licensed marriage and family therapist with 16+ years of experience working with couples. He’s the co-founder of Empathi, host of the “Come Here to Me” podcast, and author of an upcoming book on relationships and the systems that shape how we love.

Read more: Attachment Styles in Relationships: How Your Love Pattern Shapes Your Bond

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Fiachra "Figs" O’Sullivan is a renowned couples therapist and the founder of Empathi.com. He believes the principles of secure attachment and sound money are the two essential protocols for building a future filled with hope. A husband and dad, he lives in Hawaii, where he’s an outrigger canoe paddler, getting humbled daily by the wind and waves. He’s also incessantly funny, to the point that he should probably see someone about that.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What's the difference between secure and anxious attachment in relationships?+
Secure attachment means you got enough reliable love as a kid to believe that connection is safe and available. When your partner seems distant, you don't immediately assume they're leaving you. Anxious attachment is what happens when love felt unpredictable growing up. Your nervous system learned that connection could disappear at any moment, so now you're always scanning for signs of threat. In my Babies in Love framework, anxiously attached partners become 'Relentless Lovers' who protest for closeness because their nervous system is detecting an existential threat to the bond. It's not clingy or needy. It's biology doing its job to survive.
Can you change from anxious attachment to secure attachment?+
Absolutely, but it takes proof of work, not just insight. Your nervous system (what I call the Body as the First Ledger) has been keeping score of every moment of safety or threat since birth. You can't think your way into feeling secure. You need repeated experiences of your partner showing up reliably during conflict, staying in the room when you're hurting, and offering comfort without trying to fix you. This is what I call the Missing Experience. Your brain literally rewires through thousands of micro-moments where love proves itself to be safe and consistent.
How do I stop being so anxious in my relationship?+
First, recognize that your anxiety isn't a character flaw. It's your nervous system trying to protect you based on old information about how love works. The Waltz of Pain happens when your anxiety collides with your partner's protective strategies. Instead of fighting the pattern alone, you need to map it together. When you feel that familiar panic rising, slow down and name what's happening: 'I'm having that old feeling that you're pulling away.' This breaks the Versus Illusion where you see each other as the enemy instead of the pattern as the problem. For more support between sessions, try Figlet, our AI relationship coach that helps you navigate these moments in real time.